Glossary

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Term	Definition
Anecdotal notes	An assessment method in which the instructor writes observations of learners’ achievements and challenges related to the learning outcomes. Anecdotal notes are a way of recording evidence of learning without using a formalized test, which can inhibit learners’ performance. Effective anecdotal notes are observable, measurable and objective.
Assessment	A transparent, continuous process of purposefully gathering useful information that directs instruction, enables communication about learning and involves learners. Effective assessment aims to provide detailed information for instructors, learners and other stakeholders. Three purposes of assessment are detailed in the ESL Literacy Curriculum Framework: assessment for learning, assessment as learning, and assessment of learning.
Assessment as learning	Assessment as learning involves the learners in the process of looking at their learning and reflecting on their own abilities. With instructor guidance and through focused activities, learners are encouraged to think about and assess their learning. Also known as self-assessment.
Assessment for learning	Assessment for learning helps instructors form a clear picture of the abilities and needs of the learners. Assessment is done for the purpose of measuring what the learners can and cannot do at any given point in the learning process and informs ongoing instruction. Also known as formative assessment.
Assessment of learning	Assessment of learning measures the learners’ abilities to meet outcomes after learning and practice have occurred. Also known as summative assessment.